that有一种特殊使用方法,用来强调一个句子中的状语。我记不清在那本书上看到的。比如:
I love you very much.
假如说话人想要强调状语,可以说:
I love you, and that very much.
这个that指代前面的主语+谓语,即等于重复前句,再加上状语,如此状语就得到了突出。所以:
I love you, and that very much.
= I love you, and I love you very much.
I love you, and that despite the fact that you are poor.
= I love you, and I love you despite the fact that you are poor.
I love you, and that because you are a brave man.
= I love you, and I love you because you are a brave man.
注意以上句子中,that 后均为状语成分,并非系表结构省略了或遗漏了系词be。
或许美国人将这种使用方法作了演绎,用this替换了that,就得到了如下结构:
I love you and this despite the fact that you are poor.
= I love you and I love you despite the fact that you are poor.
This指代前面说过的状况,后接状语予以突出。语法结构上是并列结构。
This is despite 则是另一种结构,this指代前面句子描述的内容,作主语,is在此表示系词,而是不及物动词表示存在或发生(takes place/happens) , 后接状语,句型为SVA(主动状)。句子意为,尽管...,这样的情况还是发生了。其实,This is because从句,不少人有疑虑,缘由状语从句如何能作表语。传统语法的讲解是because从句可以作表语。其实,将这个be剖析为不及物动词,this 指代前面句子内容(这件事),is为发生/出现,后接缘由状语从句,并非表语从句。